• ​GPU assignment​

  • ​virtio-gpu​

• ​NVIDIA Certified​

• ​AMD​

• ​Intel® Graphics Virtualization Technology​

• ​Optional Firmware​

• ​SPICE & QXL guest driver​

• ​XenServer​

• ​VDI Solutions - Nvidia​

• ​VDI Solutions - Open Source​

  • ​Apache Guacamole​

  • ​KVM-VDI by Vilnius University​

• ​IDV​

  • ​XenClient(discontinued)​

GPU assignment

The state of GPU assignment in QEMU/KVM: https://www.linux-kvm.org/images/b/b3/01x09b-VFIOandYou-small.pdf​

kvm.ignore_msrs=1

​https://wiki.debian.org/VGAPassthrough​

virtio-gpu

​https://www.linux-kvm.org/images/0/09/Qemu-gfx-2016.pdf https://github.com/qemu/qemu/blob/master/hw/display/virtio-gpu.c​

ARMv8/arm-64: use virtio-gpu because the legacy VGA framebuffer is very troublesome on aarch64

​https://docs.opennebula.org/5.4/deployment/open_cloud_host_setup/pci_passthrough.html#loading-vfio-driver-in-initrd​

NVIDIA Certified

​http://www.nvidia.com/object/grid-certified-servers.html GRID vGPU is a licensed feature on Tesla M6, Tesla M10, and Tesla M60.

AMD

AMD MxGPU is the world’s first hardware-based virtualized GPU solution, is built on industry standard SR-IOV (Single-Root I/O Virtualization) technology. Supprot VMWARE & Citrix.

Intel® Graphics Virtualization Technology

​ https://01.org/sites/default/files/users/u16902/graphics_virtualization_update_figure_1.png https://01.org/sites/default/files/users/u16902/graphics_virtualization_update_figure_2.png https://01.org/sites/default/files/users/u16902/graphics_virtualization_update_figure_3.png​

• –d (Intel® GVT –d): vDGA: virtual dedicated graphics acceleration (one VM to one physical GPU)

• –s (Intel® GVT -s): vSGA: virtual shared graphics acceleration (multiple VMs to one physical GPU)

• –g (Intel® GVT -g): vGPU: virtual graphics processing unit (multiple VMs to one physical GPU)

Visit Intel GVT-g page for more.

Optional Firmware

​https://01.org/linuxgraphics/downloads/firmware​

GuC：designed to perform graphics workload scheduling on the various graphics parallel engines. DMC: low-power idle states. It provides capability to save and restore display registers across these low-power states independently from the OS/Kernel. HUC: offload some of the media functions from the CPU to GPU.

ls /lib/firmware/i915/ -l

SPICE & QXL guest driver

​https://www.spice-space.org/download.html​

XenServer

​https://docs.citrix.com/content/dam/docs/en-us/xenserver/current-release/downloads/xenserver-configuring-graphics.pdf Graphics Virtualization is available for XenServer Enterprise Edition customers, or those who have access to XenServer through their XenApp/XenDesktop entitlement.

VDI Solutions - Nvidia

​http://www.nvidia.com/object/xendesktop-vgpu.html (Right bottom section: "Partner Solutions")

## Virtualized Application Solutions (Shared GPU)
Citrix XenApp 6.5 with OpenGL Add-on and Citrix XenDesktop 7 Hosted-Shared delivery

## Virtual Desktop Solutions (Shared GPU)
XenDesktop FP1 with NVIDIA GRID™ vGPU™1
Microsoft RemoteFX in Windows Server 2012
VMware Horizon View 5.2 with vSGA2
​
## Virtual Remote Workstation Solutions (Dedicated GPU)
Citrix XenDesktop 5.6
Citrix XenDesktop 7 VDI delivery
VMware View 5.3 with vDGA

VDI Solutions - Open Source

​https://www.openstack.org/videos/boston-2017/virtual-desktop-infrastructure-vdi-with-openstack​

Apache Guacamole

​https://guacamole.incubator.apache.org/ https://hub.docker.com/r/guacamole/guacamole/ HTML5 remote desktop gateway. supports VNC, RDP, and SSH.

KVM-VDI by Vilnius University

​https://github.com/Seitanas/kvm-vdi/wiki supported backends: plain QEMU-KVM and OpenStack (still in development).

​https://www.neblogas.lt/2016/07/18/technical-info-ovirt-agent-sso/​

IDV

XenClient(discontinued)

Diagram: https://www.citrix.com/blogs/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/XenClient-Architectural-Diagram.jpg​