PCIe

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express#History_and_revisions

Per lane: - Version 1.0a: 2.5 GT/s is 2.5 Gbps on the encoded serial link. This corresponds to 2.0 Gbps of pre-coded data or 250 MB/s - Version 2.x : 5 GT/s = 500 MB/s - Version 3.x : 8 GT/s ~= 1 GB/s | upgraded the encoding scheme to 128b/130b from the previous 8b/10b encoding - Version 4.0 : 16 GT/s ~= 2 GB/s

split: BIOS - PCIe Bifurcation

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Thunderbolt

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thunderbolt_(interface)

  • Superseded: IEEE 1394 (FireWire) / ExpressCard
  • Connector: v1/v2 - Mini-DP ; v3/v4 - USB-C
  • v3/v4: 40 Gbit/s (5 GB/s) bidirectional
    • Thunderbolt 3: 4× PCI Express 3.0, DisplayPort 1.2, USB 3.1 Gen 2
    • Thunderbolt 4: 4× PCI Express 3.0, DisplayPort 2.0, USB4
  • USB4 compatible with Thunderbolt 3, and backwards compatible with USB 3.2 and USB 2.0

Chip

DisplayPort